The municipal library of Bordeaux holds four sixteenth-century copies of Rudolph Agricola’s De inventione dialectica. This short presentation offers a first re-evaluation of the teaching of dialectics and logic in Bordeaux at the time of Michel de Montaigne. Pointing out elements that confirm Agricola’s manual was intensely read in Bordeaux allows us to conceive, among other things, a certain acquaintance of the author of the Essais with this text